Hardware

A personal computer is made up of multiple physical components of computer hardware, upon which can be installed an operating system and a multitude of software to perform the operator's desired functions. Hardware of a modern Personal Computer. 1. Monitor
2. Motherboard7. Optical disc drive9. Keyboard10. MouseInside a custom-built computer: the power supply at the bottom has its own cooling zone. Though a PC comes in many different forms, a typical personal computer consists of a case or chassis in a tower shape (desktop), containing components such as a motherboard. Main article: MotherboardThe motherboard is the main component inside the case.

It is a large rectangular board with integrated circuitry that connects the rest of the parts of the computer including the CPU, the RAM, the disk drives (CD, DVD, hard disk, or any others) as well as any peripherals connected via the ports or the expansion slots. Components directly attached to the motherboard include:*

The central processing unit (CPU) performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to function, and is sometimes referred to as the “brain” of the computer.

It is usually cooled by a heat sink and fan. *

The chip set mediates communication between the CPU and the other components of the system, including main memory. * RAM (Random Access Memory) stores all running processes (applications) and the current running OS. *

The BIOS includes boot firmware and power management.

The Basic Input Output System tasks are handled by operating system drivers. * Internal Buses connect the CPU to various internal components and to expansion cards for graphics and sound. Power supplyMain article: Power supply unit (computer)A power supply unit (PSU) is the component that supplies power to the other components in a computer. More specifically, a power supply unit is typically designed to convert general-purpose alternating current (AC) electric power from the mains (100-127V in North America, parts of South America, Japan, and Taiwan; 220-240V in most of the rest of the world) to usable low-voltage DC power for the internal components of the computer. Some power supplies have a switch to change between 230 V and 115 V. Other models have automatic sensors that switch input voltage automatically, or are able to accept any voltage between those limits.

It converts high voltage into low voltage. Power supply units often used in computers are SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply).

The SMPS provides +12, -12, +5, -5 and
3. * DC Volts for operation. When using the SMPS, it results in uninterrupted output within a wide range of input AC voltages. SMPS makes the power supply unit compact, rigid and reliable.

The SMPS will switch over until it gets a negative loop from the computer's motherboard when switching ON the CPU. First, the SMPS converts the input AC voltage into corresponding DC voltage, which is then applied to a switching circuit at very high frequency. This high frequency (AC) is fed to a step down transformer with different tapings for various voltages required to run a computer.

These AC voltages are then rectified and filtered. Finally, we get pure DC voltage of different levels.

The power supply he si main of motherbord and then current motherbord for fan, process and SMPS of name hard wire of smps wire and power managment of process fan and other devisec of power supply

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